Cleopatra
Cleopatra was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt.
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Vikram Saxena
First written 12 May 2024
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Cleopatra VII (69 – 30 BCE) was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of ancient Egypt, famed for her intelligence and political skill.
Reign
She sought to protect Egypt's independence amid the growing power of Rome, forming alliances with the Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
Downfall
After defeat by Octavian (later Emperor Augustus), she died in 30 BCE, and Egypt became a Roman province.
Legacy
Cleopatra remains one of the most famous women of the ancient world, portrayed in countless works of art and drama.
Frequently asked questions
Who was Cleopatra?
The last ruler of ancient Egypt's Ptolemaic dynasty.
Why is Cleopatra famous?
For her political skill and her alliances with Roman leaders.